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Chemistry Forums for Students => High School Chemistry Forum => Topic started by: Kate on March 09, 2008, 12:32:53 PM

Title: Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate
Post by: Kate on March 09, 2008, 12:32:53 PM
Hello.

When mixing sulfuric acid with sodium carbonate the chemical reaction is:
Na2CO3 + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2

Is there any safety precaution one should have one when doing this reaction ? Is there a visible reaction ?

Thanks.:)
Title: Re: Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate
Post by: azmanam on March 09, 2008, 12:43:16 PM
Do you have a guess?

physical states will be helpful here.
Title: Re: Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate
Post by: Kate on March 09, 2008, 01:33:01 PM
I think there should be a visible reaction because one of the reaction products is CO2(g). But I don't know if there's any safety precaution I should have when doing this reaction.
Title: Re: Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate
Post by: enahs on March 09, 2008, 01:37:51 PM
Any and all safety precautions when dealing with sulfuric acid.

And do not just throw in a bunch of sodium carbonate at once. If too much product is being formed, and coming out as gas, it could cause splashing. Flying sulfuric acid is never a good thing.




Title: Re: Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate
Post by: azmanam on March 09, 2008, 01:41:43 PM
depending on the concentration of the two reactants and the rate at which they are mixed, there may be a very vigorous reaction - and if your flask has a small neck, the 'spill' may become a 'volcano'

You usually see acetic acid and sodium bicarbonate, but the same principle applies: youtube (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qgw0eVy4VUg)

Oh, and always use all common safety precautions when working with chemicials in lab :)
Title: Re: Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate
Post by: Kate on March 09, 2008, 02:06:32 PM
Oh, and always use all common safety precautions when working with chemicials in lab :)

Apart from the safety precautions when dealing with sulfuric acid and other reactants, I should be careful in this particular reaction because of the CO2 (g) right ?
Title: Re: Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate
Post by: azmanam on March 09, 2008, 02:11:06 PM
Quote
because of the CO2 (g) right ?

Yes.  That and the possible bubbling/volcano effect.
Title: Re: Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate
Post by: azmanam on March 09, 2008, 02:12:24 PM
What safety precautions are you going to suggest a researcher take?

Besides from personal protective equipment (goggles, etc), there are operational precautions one may take to reduce the risk of volcano - do you know what other precautions one might take?
Title: Re: Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate
Post by: Arkcon on March 09, 2008, 02:16:00 PM
CO2 is denser than air, and displaces it.  A bench top experiment doesn't pose a particular hazard in this regard, unless you tend to take naps on the bench top or floor.  At an industrial scale, large amounts of accumulated CO2 can be dangerous -- from what I've heard, at least once a year someone, somewhere in the world, working at winery or brewery becomes overcome, falls into a vat, and drowns.
Title: Re: Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate
Post by: Kate on March 09, 2008, 02:38:11 PM
Besides from personal protective equipment (goggles, etc), there are operational precautions one may take to reduce the risk of volcano - do you know what other precautions one might take?

No, I don't. But I'd very much like to know.
Title: Re: Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate
Post by: azmanam on March 09, 2008, 02:40:05 PM
Quote
depending on the concentration of the two reactants and the rate at which they are mixed, there may be a very vigorous reaction

How might knowing this help you devise some safety precautions to avoid eruption?  Temperature control can also help, but probably not much on a small scale
Title: Re: Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate
Post by: Kate on March 09, 2008, 02:55:08 PM
Well, in order to avoid eruption the concentration of the reactants should be low and while doing the reaction I should slowly add one of the reactants to the other.
Title: Re: Sulfuric acid + Sodium carbonate
Post by: azmanam on March 09, 2008, 03:14:36 PM
Yup.  Keep it cold and you're all set for a boring, non-volcano :)