[kavin011]

Dear All,

    In periodic table lot of elements present as S,P,D,F ,how we know which is solid,liquid and gas states? Is there any identification method is available? We should know the melting point of elements to identify the states? If yes ,how to calculate the melting point of elements .? For example Copper melting point is 1083 deg,actually how we calculate the melting point?

[chenbeier]

Their is no calculation. The melting point depends on the material. There is only a small pressure dependency.

[Borek]

Technically you can try to attempt calculation from so called first principles, we know how to use QM to calculate strength of interactions between atoms/molecules, we know how to calculate their dependence on the temperature, we know how to describe melting of the substance in terms of these interactions and so on. In practice such approach is very rarely accurate enough, calculations are quite complicated and often require an insane amount of computing power. When it comes to melting points it is much easier to just measure them.

[Vidya]

Dear All,

    In periodic table lot of elements present as S,P,D,F ,how we know which is solid,liquid and gas states? Is there any identification method is available? We should know the melting point of elements to identify the states? If yes ,how to calculate the melting point of elements .? For example Copper melting point is 1083 deg,actually how we calculate the melting point?

Physical properties like melting point and boiling points depend on the IMF (inter molecular forces or inter particle attractions ).It helps in comparison of values.

[Enthalpy]

[...] melting point and boiling points depend on the inter molecular forces [...]

And on chemical bonds, for metals and many ceramics.