Primary alkyl halides can be converted to alcohols using hydroxide because they proceed through via a SN2 mechanism. Tertiary alkyl halides don't do this, but they can be converted to alkyl halides via the SN1 mechanism (essentially the halide "drops off" leaving a carbocation that is then captured by water). The SN1 mechanism in this case is catalysed by acid because the acid helps the halide to drop off (imagine chloride ion coming off the molecule with acid to form HCl, and leaving behind a positive charge - that's not exactly how it happens but conceptually it gives you the idea).
Chlorocyclohexane is a secondary alkyl halide. The can undergo hydrolysis by either SN1 or SN2 mechanisms, or both. Look up SN1 and SN2 to understand better.