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Topic: dipole moment depends on formal charge or electronegativity?  (Read 8093 times)

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Offline apple123

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dipole moment depends on formal charge or electronegativity?
« on: October 25, 2007, 11:48:33 PM »
For a hydronium molecule it makes a trigonal pyrmidal; O
                                                                        /|\
                                                                      H  H  H

The bond dipole for each his from H --> O; however, O has a + formal charge so does the molecule dipole point up or down?
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Offline daphne89

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Re: dipole moment depends on formal charge or electronegativity?
« Reply #1 on: November 02, 2007, 09:09:28 PM »
A Molecule's Diople moment depends on its electronegativity. Individual Formal charges are calculated to find out the overall charge on the molecule. So in this case, I'm pretty sure the dipole moment is upwards.
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Offline CT101

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Re: dipole moment depends on formal charge or electronegativity?
« Reply #2 on: November 02, 2007, 10:03:35 PM »
It does point upward. The dipole always points in the direction of the more electronegative atom, and oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen. Also, the lone pair of electrons on the oxygen contributes to the trigonal pyramidal structure and the overall dipole moment because lone pairs take up more space then bonded ones.
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