how can I tell whether the solution will be acidic or basic? I mean I can get it if say it's SO32- + H2O --> HSO3 + OH- because SO3 obviously can't give a hydrogen ion, but other wise how can you tell?
In general, things that have the formula HX, where X is an anion, will be acids. Examples include HCl, HBr, H
2SO
4, HNO
3. Organic acids are harder to identify but will often have a -COOH group (e.g. CH
3CH
2COOH).
In general, bases will have the formula AOH where A is a cation. Examples include NaOH, KOH, etc. Organic bases are hard to identify without knowing them, but often have a nitrogen (e.g. NH
3, N(CH
3)
3). Bases can also be recognized as the conjugate bases of weak acids. For example, HSO
4- is a weak acid, so its conjugate base, SO
42- is a weak base. Note that H
2SO
4 is a strong acid, so its conjugate base, HSO
4- is not a base.
n = m/M
C1V1=C2V2
C=n/V
n = moles
m = mass
M = molar mass
C = concentration
V = volume
P = pressure
The next couple equations deal with ideal gasses
PV=nRT
P1V1 = P2V2
Ptotal= *sigma with an i underneath it* Pi
V1/T1=V2/T2
P1/T1=P2/T2
P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2
P = pressure
V = volume
n = moles
R = ideal gas constant
T = temperature
The sigma (Σ) is a mathematical symbol for summation. For example, Σ
ia
i = a
1 + a
2 + a
3 + ...
Q = mc*delta*T
q = heat
m = mass
c = specific heat capacity
ΔT = change in temperature
ΔH = change in enthalpy
H
of = standard enthalpy of formation
*delta*H = *sigma* nH*degree*f[P] - *sigma* nH*degree*f[R]
This is Hess's law, which you should look up in your chemistry text or on wikipedia (
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hess%27s_law)