Hello chemists,
I distill again bromopentane, to which I added water, about 20 ml. Now the drops drip at 88 - 90°C. Drip style: in this temperature range, nothing drips for a while and suddenly a large amount of liquid flows, and for a while the drops drip in quick succession. According to the refractive index, however, it looks like bromopentane (high refractive index of the liquid), I don't understand it when the boiling point is much higher (possible azeotrope with water?). . Everything takes place between 88 - 90°C. After about 2-3 hours, the temperature stagnated. Slowly I started to increase the performance, and started to drip the substance at 124°C, here I started to collect, and it looks like bromopentane. At the beginning it was cloudy with water, + drops of water from the cooler, I dry it with CaCl2.
Now the problem: it's about half as much as I had before, I don't understand. It seems that a lot of bromopentane dripped at 88 - 90°C because: the first distillate with two layers I separated, and the upper one is actually water with pentanol (according to the smell), but the lower, larger layer looks like bromopentane: it is a mobile, shiny liquid . Can you please explain to me why such an amount (about 50 ml) dripped from the beginning at a much lower temperature?
Can I try to mix my pure distilled bromopentane with this and try to distill without added of water?
I will add that I do not have a stirrer, so I do not mix the mixture; I have pieces of porcelain inserted there like cooking stones.
One more thing. I dried the first heavier layer from the first distillation with CaCl2, and an interesting thing: while I dried the distilled product well, bromopentane is already transparent, so 50 ml of liquid is not: CaCl2 is still at the bottom and the solution is white, see photo. Could it be that even though there is bromopentane, there may be a lot of pentanol in it, which is probably soluble in it, and CaCl2 has formed this white turbidity with it?
Thank you very much. Lukáš S.