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Chemistry Forums for Students => Undergraduate General Chemistry Forum => Topic started by: ifuller on February 09, 2008, 11:50:15 AM

Title: Diatomic Molecules
Post by: ifuller on February 09, 2008, 11:50:15 AM
Does anyone know a formula to calculate the approximate time that it would take for two mono-atomic elements (ie. H + H) to form H2. I know that the time will be very short but are we talking microseconds or tenths of a second. Thanks for anyone who can help.
Title: Re: Diatomic Molecules
Post by: Borek on February 09, 2008, 12:08:41 PM
No idea about the formula, but think for a moment. If they are a mile apart, it will take forever. If they are at the distance they are in the molecule, reaction will be almost instant.

Is your question well defined?
Title: Re: Diatomic Molecules
Post by: ifuller on February 09, 2008, 01:17:35 PM
That is a good point that I didn't address. The reason I ask is I am interesting in splitting H2 into H and H and then using those molecules to react with other chemicals. I am trying to figure out if this is possible. Thanks for the input though.
Title: Re: Diatomic Molecules
Post by: Kryolith on February 09, 2008, 01:28:40 PM
Starting from molecular H2 requires drastic conditions, but you can easily create hydrogen in statu nascendi by the reaction of metals with acid... For what kind of reactions do you need it?
Title: Re: Diatomic Molecules
Post by: ifuller on February 09, 2008, 02:21:10 PM
I am experimenting with reactions in which a reactant combines with hydrogen only under extreme conditions. I am planning on using a heated tungsten filament to split H2 into atomic hydrogen. I then hope to react that atomic hydrogen with the other reactant to create the same products with much lower energy requirements.
Title: Re: Diatomic Molecules
Post by: lemonoman on February 09, 2008, 04:14:28 PM
Like Borek said, it's going to depend on how much H. you have there.  The number density is what will tell you how long the H. will last:

Rate constant for the reaction: H + H --> H2

Rate (of formation of H2) = k[H][H]
where [ ] is the number density (molecules/cm3 or mol/L)

k for your reaction can be found at: NIST Kinetics Database (http://kinetics.nist.gov/kinetics/ReactionSearch?r0=12385136&r1=12385136&r2=0&r3=0&r4=0&p0=1333740&p1=0&p2=0&p3=0&p4=0&)
- Just like all rate constants it depends on temperature...but you can make an approximation :)

Last thing: Be careful, radicals have a tendency to react with lots of stuff :)