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Chemistry Forums for Students => Physical Chemistry Forum => Topic started by: BHAVESH on January 13, 2020, 04:42:15 AM

Title: What is the equation to calculate pKw at various temperature?
Post by: BHAVESH on January 13, 2020, 04:42:15 AM
Kw of water is given at various temperatures
Like...
@ 0°C - 1.5 X 10^-15
@ 25°C - 1.0 X 10^-14

So how do I calculate at KW AT any temperature???

Thanks
Title: Re: What is the equation to calculate pKw at various temperature?
Post by: mjc123 on January 13, 2020, 05:12:53 AM
Have you heard of the van't Hoff equation?
Title: Re: What is the equation to calculate pKw at various temperature?
Post by: Borek on January 13, 2020, 08:18:35 AM
Either from the thermodynamical data (as mjc123 suggested) or by fitting some function to the experimentally determined values (like these listed here: water ion product (http://www.chembuddy.com/?left=pH-calculation&right=water-ion-product)).
Title: Re: What is the equation to calculate pKw at various temperature?
Post by: BHAVESH on January 17, 2020, 04:22:39 AM
Thank you mjc123 & Borek.
Matter Cleared.
Thanks again!!!
Title: Re: What is the equation to calculate pKw at various temperature?
Post by: BHAVESH on January 17, 2020, 06:51:57 AM
Hi mjc123,
I applied Van't Hoff Equation but getting difficulties....
Title: Re: What is the equation to calculate pKw at various temperature?
Post by: mjc123 on January 17, 2020, 07:07:04 AM
Care to elaborate?
Can you show your working, and where the difficulty comes?
(note: your value at 0°C is different from e.g. what is found here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-ionization_of_water. Maybe that is causing dicrepancies?)
Title: Re: What is the equation to calculate pKw at various temperature?
Post by: BHAVESH on January 20, 2020, 03:42:57 AM
Dear mjc123,
attached my working.
Title: Re: What is the equation to calculate pKw at various temperature?
Post by: mjc123 on January 20, 2020, 05:14:07 AM
Where do you get your figures for enthalpy from? The figures of ca. 100 kJ/kg you quote are wildly inaccurate, and the figure you use in calculation of 62.7 kJ/mol is also inaccurate (though not wildly so). Using a value of 57 kJ/mol, I get Kw at 40°C = 3.01 x 10-14.
Title: Re: What is the equation to calculate pKw at various temperature?
Post by: BHAVESH on January 21, 2020, 01:23:11 AM
There is an article published by Indian Institute of Technologies Bombay  "Thermodynamic properties of Water substance" and I took ΔH from Enthalpy @ 40°C is 167.53 & @ 25°C it is 104.83 so the diff of enthalpy is 62.7 KJ/mol.

Can you please elaborate your calculation?
Title: Re: What is the equation to calculate pKw at various temperature?
Post by: BHAVESH on January 21, 2020, 01:47:58 AM
So, pH at 40 °C at Kw 3.01 X 10-14 will be 6.76 AND pH with Kw I calculated 4.35718 X 10-14 will be 6.68. There is a difference of 0.08 which I want to understand.

Moreover, when the temp increases, the difference of pH with given in table and the way I calculated increases.
Title: Re: What is the equation to calculate pKw at various temperature?
Post by: BHAVESH on January 21, 2020, 03:13:15 AM
I have attached pdf of my working. I cannot attach excel sheet here.
Title: Re: What is the equation to calculate pKw at various temperature?
Post by: mjc123 on January 21, 2020, 04:54:49 AM
Above, you wrote kJ/kg, not kJ/mol, which was confusing - which is it? In either case, it's the wrong value to use. ΔH in the van't Hoff equation is not the difference between the enthalpy of water at 25 and 40°C. It is the enthalpy change for the reaction whose equilibrium constant is under consideration, i.e. for the reaction
H2O(l)  :rarrow: H+(aq) + OH-(aq).
57 kJ/mol was a value I used from memory. Using the values of enthalpy of formation from Johnson, "Thermodynamic aspects of inorganic chemistry", I get a value of 55.84 kJ/mol.
Title: Re: What is the equation to calculate pKw at various temperature?
Post by: BHAVESH on January 22, 2020, 04:09:25 AM
Ok. Thank you very much.
So, -55.84 KJ/mol is basically Neutralization Enthalpy of H2O.

Thank yo very much.