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Specialty Chemistry Forums => Other Sciences Question Forum => Topic started by: Bekah on December 10, 2007, 06:48:31 PM

Title: Cytosine makes up 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA...
Post by: Bekah on December 10, 2007, 06:48:31 PM

from an organism. What percent of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine?

Choices are:

12
24
31
38

I really have no idea how to figure this out.

Title: Re: Cytosine makes up 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA...
Post by: Borek on December 10, 2007, 06:56:33 PM

What is paired with what in DNA?

Title: Re: Cytosine makes up 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA...
Post by: Yggdrasil on December 10, 2007, 07:01:03 PM

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chargaff%27s_rule

Title: Re: Cytosine makes up 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA...
Post by: Bekah on December 10, 2007, 09:35:59 PM

according to base pairing rules C bonds to G and A bonds to T in DNA or A bonds to U in RNA...still not figuring this one out

Title: Re: Cytosine makes up 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA...
Post by: Yggdrasil on December 10, 2007, 09:46:50 PM

So if C bonds to G, what percent of your sample will be G?

Title: Re: Cytosine makes up 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA...
Post by: Bekah on December 10, 2007, 09:50:29 PM

It will be the same amount? 38%? I'm missing something

Title: Re: Cytosine makes up 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA...
Post by: Yggdrasil on December 10, 2007, 10:09:03 PM

Your DNA is 38% G and 38% C, what percent is A and T?  How will the percent A relate to percent T?

Title: Re: Cytosine makes up 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA...
Post by: Bekah on December 10, 2007, 10:20:40 PM

okay so A & T will be both be 12%. I didn't realize they would be in different quantites. I kept thinking the four of them would be equal and add up to 100%

Title: Re: Cytosine makes up 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA...
Post by: Yggdrasil on December 10, 2007, 11:22:01 PM

A little bit of a historical note.  Erwin Chargaff, a biochemist, performed many detailed chemical analyses of DNA from various sources and always found two rules to be true.  1)  The number of moles of pyrimidies were always equal to the number of moles of purines.  2)  The number of moles of A was always equal to the number of moles of T (%A = %T) and the number of moles of C was always equal to the number of moles of G (%C = %G).  Of course, we now know this comes about from the double helix structure of DNA and the base-pairing rules of DNA.  But, Chargaff's observations came before any of this was known, and his experiments were crucial to the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA.  In particular, they gave Watson and Crick the crucial insight that T pairs with A and G pairs with C.  This insight, along with the x-ray diffraction work by Wilkins and Franklin which said that DNA adopts a helical structure, gave Watson and Crick all the information they needed to propose their famous model for the structure of DNA.

So the fact that %A = % T and %C = %G is important because this is led to the discovery of the base-pairing rules.

Title: Re: Cytosine makes up 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA...
Post by: Bekah on December 11, 2007, 12:59:54 AM

ahhh...interesting. Thanks for the backround info.  :)