[a confused chiral girl]

to find out what types of bonds are between the atoms, how do we use the periodic table to determine that? for example, NH2-CH2-CH2-NH2 has hydrogen bond. but how do we know that? and let's say..Cl-CH2-CH2-Cl has dipole dipole. how do we figure out bond types?

thanks!

[Yggdrasil]

First, hydrogen bonds and dipole-dipole bonds (or dipole-dipole interactions) are intermolecular bonds meaning they are bonds which weakly connect two molecules together in a solid or a liquid. 

Hydrogen bonds are relatively easy to spot because they follow a few simple rules.  First, there must be a hydrogen bond donor that contains a hydrogen covalently bound to an F, O, or N.  Second, there must be a hydrogen bond acceptor that contains a lone pair on an F, O, or N.  For NH2-CH2-CH2-NH2, the amine group can act both as a hydrogen bond acceptor and as a hydrogen bond donor.  Therefore, NH2-CH2-CH2-NH2 can interact with other molecules of NH2-CH2-CH2-NH2 through hydrogen bonding.

Dipole-dipole interactions will arise when you have polar molecules, so if a molecule is polar, it can interact with other polar molecules through dipole-dipole interactions.  The C-Cl bonds in Cl-CH2-CH2-Cl make this molecule polar, so it can interact with other molecules of Cl-CH2-CH2-Cl through dipole-dipole interactions.