p- nitroacetanilide can be prepared by teating acetanilide with conc. nitric acid(1.1 mole).
to anhance reaction rate nitrating mixtue (H2SO4 and HNO3 3:1) can also be used.
reaction is exothermic so slow addition and continious cooling is required.
nitrating mixture is almost always taken at bottom and acetanilide is gradually added.