I expect it just means the C atom of the guanidine group of the compound in question, it's just a way of expressing which atom you're talking about - instead of giving a number you can quote the functional group (if it is unambiguous).
It's the same as referring to "the aldehydic proton" in an nmr, that kind of thing.
What's the article? If it's online I probably have access and can look at it for you if the above doesn't make sense in the context of the paper.