most of the idea i understand...just a little problem:
as movies said: "intersects where the vertical wave is at 0 and the horizontal wave is at 1"
does it mean that the amplitude of vertical wave is 0 all the time?
and he also said that: frequency of the light is changed when pass through the isomer.
so, how do the speed of light, and wavelength of light changed? and how about amplitude?
When you're talking about rotating "Plane polarized light" you're talking about putting linearly polarized light into you're sample and seeing some kind of rotation. The source of this rotation is essentially a phase shift.
You can think of linearly polarized light as light oscillating in one direction, i.e. up and down, however, to understand the source of rotation fully you must go a bit further than this...
Linearly polarized light is essentially a summation of two vectors, see here:
http://www.chem.nottingham.ac.uk/Tut_CPL.phtml (you'll want to look at the linearly polarized 45 degree option).
These two vectors represent the two components of light that vibrate perpendicularly to each other (as you can see in the animation).
When linearly polarized light enters a chiral material it "sees" the chiral centre which is locked in position (i.e. it is only one enantiomer). What the light actually "sees" is the distribution of electrons around the chiral centre).
You get optical rotation because one of the two components of light is retarded with respect to the other (the two components have different refractive indices), this creates a phase shift between the two components and therefore the light is rotated (this is essentially a birefringence effect). This is what you measure as a rotation.
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