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Topic: rank the radical stablility  (Read 3575 times)

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Offline [V]

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rank the radical stablility
« on: October 28, 2011, 10:14:34 AM »


I would think this goes B,C,A

Obviously B is the most substituted, and stabilized via hyperconjucation.
The answer is actually B,A,C.

Heres my rational. Having an EN alpha to a carbocation is actually stabilizing. Having it beta is destabilizing. I view the radical as a delta + charge, so there is some slight stabilizing from the EN. Alternatively, the delta + can be so negligible, that Oxygen's electron withdrawing power just destabilizes it instead.

ALSO, why cant one of the lone pairs from oxygen participate in resonance with the radical on carbon in "C"? This is my biggest concern!

Thank you.

Offline g-bones

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Re: rank the radical stablility
« Reply #1 on: October 29, 2011, 02:30:10 PM »
The lone pair from oxygen CAN stabilize via resonance to create a charge separated species. To be honest, I am not sure between tertiary radical and a resonance stabilized secondary radical, but my instinct says resonance wins.

Offline [V]

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Re: rank the radical stablility
« Reply #2 on: October 29, 2011, 06:43:11 PM »
Thanks for the reply.
The conclusion I landed on is, the Oxygen's lone pair cant participate in resonance.
This is because in order for a lone pair or a radical to resonate, it needs an adjacent empty p-orbital. Oxygen is Sp3 hybridized, so it cant make that jump. So all it can do is partake in hyperconjucation.

HOWEVER!!!

When I draw the resonance structure with lone pairs, Oxygen has a formal charge of 0, but has 9 electrons in its valence. Since Oxygen cannot expand its octet, this does not happen.

So is my previous conclusion about Oxygen being Sp3 hybridized stil correct?

Offline g-bones

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Re: rank the radical stablility
« Reply #3 on: October 30, 2011, 04:20:17 PM »
remember you are not making another bond to oxygen with the radical species, you are simply jumping an electron from oxygen to the carbon to make the anionic carbon and cationic oxygen, this his how heteroatoms stabilize adjacent radicals via resonance.

Offline orgopete

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Re: rank the radical stablility
« Reply #4 on: November 01, 2011, 02:33:46 PM »
I don't mean to be contrarian, but how do we know the order is b)>a)>c)?

If someone were to ask me which would create a greater peroxide danger, isopentane or diethyl ether, I would have said diethyl ether. Why am I wrong?
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Offline Honclbrif

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Re: rank the radical stablility
« Reply #5 on: November 01, 2011, 04:22:21 PM »
I'm with pete on this one. That was my reasoning too.
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