[Rutherford]

I get a salt and I have to:
1.write in what it is soluble
2.determine the cation and the anion
3.write the equations of the proving reactions
I won't get just any cation or anion, only some of these:
Cation: Ag⁺,Pb²⁺,Cu²⁺,Hg²⁺,Fe³⁺,Al³⁺,Ba²⁺,Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺,NH4⁺
Anions: CO3^2-,SO4^2-,Cl^-,NO3^-,CH3COO^-

[Arkcon]

OK, for the anions, do some searches for some spot tests.  They have very different properties, when mixed with certain reagents. You won't need a flow chart for anions.   For the cations, you will need to make a flow chart, you will find some online after a search.   Here's something useful: you will be given a soluble salt (I'm assuming.)  What possible combinations are insoluble?  Once you've excluded some pairs, based on the anions, you may be able to trim your cation flow chart and you'll learn a useful test for determining the identity, if it is there.

[Rutherford]

Then I think that it's better to find the anion first (because there are only 5) and then to think about how to find out the cation. Found some flow charts on google, I hope that I will figure out how to determine the cation.