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Topic: Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper?  (Read 9250 times)

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Offline Mitch

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Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper?
« on: February 10, 2006, 04:18:07 AM »
Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper? From simple Zeff considerations you would expect it to be higher.
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Offline Winga

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Re:Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper?
« Reply #1 on: February 10, 2006, 04:55:31 AM »
Cu
1st: remove one 4s e-
2nd: remove one 3d e-

Zn
1st: remove one 4s e-
2nd: remove one 4s e-

For Cu 2nd ionization, you need to remove one e- from full-filled 3d-orbitals.

Offline Mitch

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Re:Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper?
« Reply #2 on: February 10, 2006, 09:51:13 PM »
 Is there any good reason why the second electron removed from Zinc is a d-electron?
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Offline Winga

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Re:Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper?
« Reply #3 on: February 10, 2006, 09:55:45 PM »
s-electron is more penetrating to the nucleus than d-electron?

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Re:Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper?
« Reply #4 on: February 10, 2006, 09:58:02 PM »
I was always under the impression the 3d spends more time near the nucleus than the 4s electron does.
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Offline Winga

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Re:Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper?
« Reply #5 on: February 10, 2006, 10:13:36 PM »
Is it true that a 3d-electron is removed in 2nd ionization of zinc.

Offline Mitch

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Re:Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper?
« Reply #6 on: February 10, 2006, 10:18:59 PM »
Isn't that what you said?
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Offline Winga

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Re:Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper?
« Reply #7 on: February 11, 2006, 12:00:51 AM »
I said the 3d-orbitals of Zinc will remain full-filled after 2nd ionization originally, but you want a reason for removing 3d e- rather than 4s e-.

I am confused now!

Offline Mitch

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Re:Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper?
« Reply #8 on: February 11, 2006, 12:05:59 AM »
Quote
Cu
1st: remove one 4s e-
2nd: remove one 3d e-

You said it would remove a 3de- first?
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Offline Winga

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Re:Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper?
« Reply #9 on: February 11, 2006, 12:21:26 AM »
Because this is copper.

Cu: [Ar]3d104s1

Offline Mitch

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Re:Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper?
« Reply #10 on: February 11, 2006, 03:29:12 AM »
So wait, what's the answer? :P
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Offline Winga

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Re:Why does Zinc have a lower 2nd ionization energy than Cupper?
« Reply #11 on: February 11, 2006, 05:18:52 AM »
Cu: [Ar]3d104s1

1st I.E. is relatively small (one 4s e- is removed)
2nd I.E. is relatively large (one 3d e- is removed from full-filled 3d-orbitals, extra E is required)

Zn: [Ar]3d104s2
1st I.E. is relatively large (one 4s e- is removed from full-filled 4s-orbital, Zeff also increases from Cu to Zn)
2nd I.E. is relatively small (another 4s e- is removed to achieve all full-filled orbitals, relatively stable)
« Last Edit: February 11, 2006, 05:19:13 AM by Winga »

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