Hydrogen fuel cells indirectly react hydrogen gas with oxygen gas to form water. The oxidation of hydrogen to hydrogen ions takes place apart from the reduction of oxygen in water to form hydroxide ions.
1. Find the standard potential of the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
2H2(g) + O2(g) ↔ 2H2O(l)
2. Use the Nernst equation to adjust this potential for oxygen having a partial pressure of 0.2 bar, which is about its concentration in air.
3. Given that a fuel cell has two distinct compartments, one for hydrogen oxidation and one for oxygen reduction, how should the chemical composition of these two compartments be adjusted to obtain the greatest electrochemical potential from the fuel cell?